{"id":185178,"date":"2026-03-16T05:46:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T11:46:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/sin-categoria\/the-fin-trade-nicaragua-disguises-the-killing-of-thousands-of-sharks-as-bycatch\/"},"modified":"2026-03-20T09:01:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T15:01:43","slug":"the-fin-trade-nicaragua-disguises-the-killing-of-thousands-of-sharks-as-bycatch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/en\/english\/the-fin-trade-nicaragua-disguises-the-killing-of-thousands-of-sharks-as-bycatch\/","title":{"rendered":"The Fin Trade: Nicaragua Disguises the Killing of Thousands of Sharks as \u201cBycatch\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cWe buy shark fins,\u201d reads a sign painted on the gable of a house on a busy street in Bluefields, on Nicaragua\u2019s Southern Caribbean coast. It is an exception. Fishing businesses along Nicaragua\u2019s Pacific coast have no signs, but everyone knows who buys shark fins. Along both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts, what is officially classified as \u201cbycatch\u201d is, in reality, a multimillion-dollar business.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Under the umbrella of the term \u201cbycatch,\u201d Nicaragua has exported tens of thousands of kilograms of dried shark fins in recent years to the Asian market, where they sell for more than $400 per kilo. The trade continues to grow, even as already endangered shark populations decline without any real scientific oversight, according to an investigation by <strong>CONFIDENCIAL<\/strong>, carried out with support from Fundaci\u00f3n del R\u00edo\u2014an NGO that was outlawed and confiscated by the dictatorship of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo, but continues to operate from exile. <\/p>\n\n<p>Between 2018 and 2024, Nicaragua exported about 39,668.59 kilograms (roughly 39.66 tons) of dried shark fins, according to data from exporters and importers reported to the <a href=\"https:\/\/cites.org\/esp\/disc\/what.php\">Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)<\/a>, which regulates international trade in endangered species.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1.png\" alt=\"Shark\" class=\"wp-image-185085\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1024x207.png 1024w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-768x155.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1536x310.png 1536w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-480x97.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hong-kong-el-principal-destino\"><strong>Hong Kong, the main destination<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>The main export destination is Hong Kong, China, the nerve center of the shark fin trade in the world. Nicaragua exported some 38,961.59 kg of shark fins to that region, followed at a great distance by the United States (603 kg) and Mexico (104 kg). <\/p>\n\n<p>The price per kilo varies depending on quality, species, and size. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomassociation.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Kingfins_BLOOM-HK_2025.pdf#:~:text=MARKET%20PRICES%20Tian%20Jiu%20had%20the%20highest,and%20Qun%20Chi%20(634.00%20%C2%B1%20415.23%20USD\/kg).\">According to international media reports<\/a>, dried shark fins sell for:<br\/><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>More than $1,800 per kilo for premium quality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Around $900 for mid-range quality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Between $400 and $700 for standard quality<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Based on the lowest price ($400), the 38,961 kg exported to Hong Kong generated approximately $15.5 million.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-row alignfull  root-eb-row-w7v1z\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-row-w7v1z \"><div class=\"eb-row-root-container eb-row-w7v1z\" data-id=\"eb-row-w7v1z\"><div class=\"eb-row-wrapper\"><div class=\"eb-row-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-aoz0n\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-aoz0n \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-aoz0n\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-eawhj\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-eawhj \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-eawhj\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-819x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-184894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-1229x1536.png 1229w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-scaled.png 1638w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-01-480x600.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-1z5jt\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-1z5jt \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-1z5jt\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>In Asian countries such as China, Singapore, Vietnam, and Thailand, shark fin soup is considered a symbol of status, luxury, and wealth. Its prestige stems from its historical role as a delicacy reserved for Chinese royalty and emperors. <\/p>\n\n<p>A single bowl of high-quality soup\u2014made with whole fins from prized species such as hammerhead sharks\u2014can cost between $100 and $250. Meanwhile, in more modest establishments, a bowl that uses only a few grams of fin may sell for around $40.<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>Shark fin consists mainly of cartilage, collagen, and elastin, which have little nutritional value. Because it has no distinct flavor, it is typically combined with other meats in commercial dishes. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-row alignfull  root-eb-row-cqp2e\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-row-cqp2e \"><div class=\"eb-row-root-container eb-row-cqp2e\" data-id=\"eb-row-cqp2e\"><div class=\"eb-row-wrapper\"><div class=\"eb-row-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-1kwqm\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-1kwqm \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-1kwqm\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-6y0ki\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-6y0ki \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-6y0ki\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-819x1024.png\" alt=\"Nicaragua's shark fin exports from 2018 to 2024\" class=\"wp-image-185030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-1229x1536.png 1229w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-scaled.png 1638w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-480x600.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-4sisl\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-4sisl \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-4sisl\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-mil-tiburones-para-una-tonelada-de-aletas\">A Thousand Sharks for One Ton of Fins<\/h2>\n\n<p>Exports of shark fins surged sharply in 2021, rising from 1,179.47 kg in 2020 to 10,172.56 kg the following year. The peak came in 2022, with 12,283.20 kg exported. According to CITES data, the most affected species are:<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis), with 14 621.97 kg exported;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Giant hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran), with 9295.04 kg;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blacktip or mackerel shark (Carcharhinus limbatus), with 7346 kg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Also on the list are the scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) and the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus).<\/p>\n\n<p>To understand the scale of the killing behind these figures, Costa Rican biologist Randall Arauz Vargas offers a rough estimate: a large shark\u2014around 50 kg when alive\u2014yields approximately one kilogram of dried fins.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u201cOne ton of hammerhead shark fins represents roughly 1,000 large sharks, or between 1,500 and 2,000 if they are smaller,\u201d explains the biologist, who was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2010\u2014often referred to as the \u201cNobel Prize for the environment\u201d\u2014for his efforts to protect sharks and ban the shark finning industry.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<p>Based on Arauz\u2019s estimate, the export of silky shark fins alone required the killing of more than 14,000 sharks.<\/p>\n\n<p>According to CITES data, Nicaragua has exported fins from twelve shark species, most of which are listed as threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Four are classified as endangered, and five are considered vulnerable to extinction.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-1024x473.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-184988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-1024x473.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-300x139.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-768x355.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-1536x709.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon-480x222.jpeg 480w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dos-aletas-de-tiburon.jpeg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Citizens display two shark fins at a seafood collection business on Nicaragua\u2019s Pacific coast. | Photo: Confidencial<br\/> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cifras-oficiales-desmienten-la-incidentalidad\">Official Figures Contradict the \u201cBycatch\u201d Narrative<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u201cIn Nicaragua, there is no targeted fishing for sharks; they are caught incidentally by the artisanal fleet,\u201d the Nicaraguan government stated in a 2023 document prepared to justify the capture of hammerhead sharks. <\/p>\n\n<p>According to the regime, the artisanal fleet operates in coastal waters\u2014up to 40 miles offshore\u2014and \u201cits products are mainly landed at the port of San Juan del Sur and the beaches of Masachapa, Corinto, and Jiquilillo,\u201d on Nicaragua\u2019s Pacific coast.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cAll fins from hammerhead sharks caught incidentally and landed in Nicaragua are destined for export, as there is no evidence of domestic consumption of this product,\u201d the government asserted.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cAll of the meat,\u201d it continued, \u201cis destined for domestic consumption. The small-scale or artisanal fleet also catches hammerhead sharks, mostly in juvenile stages, which are likewise consumed locally.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<p>However, official figures from the Nicaraguan Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Inpesca) contradict the government\u2019s narrative of \u201cbycatch.\u201d<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>Between 2013 and 2023, more than 2.8 million kilograms of shark (about 2,819.28 tons) were landed at Nicaraguan ports, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inpesca.gob.ni\/images\/Anuarios%20Pesqueros\/Anuario%20pesquero%20y%20acuicola%202023.pdf\">2023 Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistical Yearbook<\/a>\u2014the most recent published by Inpesca.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>The data show fluctuations in shark catches over the decade, although since 2020 there has been a clear upward trend, peaking in 2022 at 479,313.84 kg (about 479.3 tons)\u2014the same year that recorded the highest shark fin exports.<\/p>\n\n<p>Overall, landings on the Caribbean coast exceed those on the Pacific: 1.6 million kg versus 1.2 million kg, respectively. However, since 2021, shark catches along the Pacific coast have surged, reaching levels four times higher than those of the Caribbean by 2023, according to Inpesca statistics. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-row alignfull  root-eb-row-velv6\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-row-velv6 \"><div class=\"eb-row-root-container eb-row-velv6\" data-id=\"eb-row-velv6\"><div class=\"eb-row-wrapper\"><div class=\"eb-row-inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-bv9oe\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-bv9oe \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-bv9oe\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-2htij\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-2htij \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-2htij\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-819x1024.png\" alt=\"Nicaragua's shark fin exports from 2018 to 2024\" class=\"wp-image-185030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-1229x1536.png 1229w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-scaled.png 1638w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-02-1-480x600.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-column  root-eb-column-nas2a\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-column-nas2a \"><div class=\"eb-column-wrapper eb-column-nas2a\"><div class=\"eb-column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pesca-dirigida-a-los-tiburones\">Targeted Shark Fishing<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nicaraguan ecologist Fabio Buitrago Vannini explains that shark fishing would be considered incidental \u201cif landings are below 10,000 kg, are not increasing, and are not sustained year after year.\u201d None of these conditions apply in Nicaragua\u2019s case.<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-testimonial root-eb-testimonial-0rf1v\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-testimonial-0rf1v \"><div class=\"eb-testimonial-wrapper eb-testimonial-0rf1v layout-preset-1\" data-id=\"eb-testimonial-0rf1v\"><div class=\"eb-testimonial-container\"><div class=\"eb-avatar-container avatar-inline \"><div class=\"image-container\"><div class=\"eb-avatar-style\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-userinfo-container\"><p class=\"eb-testimonial-username\">Fabio Buitrago Vannini<\/p><p class=\"eb-testimonial-company\">Nicaraguan ecologist<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-description-container\"><div class=\"eb-testimonial-quote-style\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"123.961\" height=\"123.961\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 123.961 123.961\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"0 0 123.961 123.961\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><path d=\"M49.8 29.032c3.1-1.3 4.4-5 3-8l-4.9-10.3c-1.4-2.899-4.8-4.2-7.8-2.899-8.5 3.6-15.8 8.3-21.6 14C11.4 28.532 6.6 36.232 4 44.732c-2.6 8.601-4 20.3-4 35.2v30.7c0 3.3 2.7 6 6 6h39.3c3.3 0 6-2.7 6-6v-39.3c0-3.301-2.7-6-6-6H26.5c.2-10.101 2.6-18.2 7-24.301 3.6-4.898 9-8.898 16.3-11.999zM120.4 29.032c3.1-1.3 4.399-5 3-8l-4.9-10.199c-1.4-2.9-4.8-4.2-7.8-2.9-8.4 3.6-15.601 8.3-21.5 13.9-7.101 6.8-12 14.5-14.601 23-2.6 8.399-3.899 20.1-3.899 35.1v30.7c0 3.3 2.7 6 6 6H116c3.3 0 6-2.7 6-6v-39.3c0-3.301-2.7-6-6-6H97.1c.2-10.101 2.601-18.2 7-24.301 3.6-4.899 9-8.899 16.3-12z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div><p class=\"eb-testimonial-description\"><em>\u201cIt can never be considered incidental fishing. By all indications, this is a targeted fishery. The fact that it is increasing so rapidly suggests greater fishing effort or more advanced (fishing) technologies.\u201d  <\/em><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>Environmentalists point out that the techniques used are inherent to directed fishing. Buitrago details that the industrial boats use longlines that can extend up to 80 kilometers. &#8220;In those 80 km of line, for every kilometer there can be about 200 baited hooks,&#8221; he stresses. This means that a single boat can deploy thousands of hooks specifically designed to attract predators.   <\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cAn industrial vessel can easily catch more than 1,000 sharks in one or two nights of fishing,\u201d the ecologist adds.<\/p>\n\n<p>Arauz distinguishes between \u201caccidental\u201d and \u201cincidental\u201d: \u201cAn accident is something random; incidental catch is something inevitable and predictable, linked to the activity.\u201d<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cIf you set that line there, you knew they would get hooked. It wasn\u2019t an accident. They catch large numbers of sharks, bring them in, sell them, and then claim it\u2019s incidental,\u201d says the Costa Rican biologist.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u201cShark fishing is allowed in Nicaragua, which is why it is carried out as a completely normal activity,\u201d says <em>Daniel<\/em>, a fisherman from Huehuete, a coastal area in the municipality of Jinotepe, in Carazo.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-precios-de-aletas-frescas-vs-aletas-secas\">Fresh vs. Dried Fin Prices<\/h2>\n\n<p>In Pacific coastal communities &#8211; such as Casares, Huehuete, Masachapa, Poneloya and San Juan del Sur &#8211; and the Nicaraguan Caribbean &#8211; mainly Bluefields &#8211; shark fishing has become normalized as a lucrative economic alternative, since a pound of &#8220;fresh fin&#8221; sells for between 10 and 20 dollars.<\/p>\n\n<p>In the case of dried fins, the price per pound is between $40 and $60. The sun-drying process takes between one week and ten days. <\/p>\n\n<p>Based on these prices, a kilo of fresh fin is priced at a maximum of US$44, while dry fin is priced at US$132.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>CONFIDENCIAL<\/strong> spoke via telephone and WhatsApp with Nicaraguan Pacific and Caribbean fishermen, who commented that the most &#8220;coveted&#8221; fins are the dorsal and pectoral fins.<\/p>\n\n<p>Most sharks have eight fins:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Two dorsal fins, a main one and a smaller posterior one.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Two pectoral fins, one on each side.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Two pelvic fins on the lower part.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A caudal fin or tail.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An anal fin, although not in all species.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-slider root-eb-slider-ygva0\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-slider-ygva0 \"><div class=\"eb-slider-wrapper eb-slider-ygva0\" data-blockid=\"eb-slider-ygva0\" data-version=\"v4\" 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data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/12.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/12.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/11.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/10.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/10.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/9.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/8.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/8.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/7.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/6.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/5.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2.png\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.png\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.png\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>The excessive interest in shark fins generates the so-called &#8220;<em>finning<\/em>&#8221; or &#8220;finning&#8221;, which consists of cutting off the fins and discarding the body. This practice has a &#8220;perverse&#8221; economic basis, according to Buitrago, since the fins of a medium-sized shark can be worth between 300 and 400 dollars, while its meat barely reaches 20 dollars. <\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;Since the fins weigh less than 2% of the total weight of the animal and are worth five or six times as much, vessels with limited capacity prefer to load only with fins and discard the meat,&#8221; the Nicaraguan ecologist explains.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-la-ley-de-pesca-de-nicaragua\">Nicaraguan Fisheries Law<\/h2>\n\n<p>Article 75 of <a href=\"http:\/\/legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni\/Normaweb.nsf\/(All)\/1A666D4D9929B0F6062570A100583F5F?OpenDocument\">Nicaragua&#8217;s Fisheries and Aquaculture Law 489<\/a>&#8220;prohibits the capture of sharks in continental and marine waters for the sole purpose of cutting off any of their fins, including the tail, discarding the rest of the body of the species in the high seas, coastal areas or other places&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<p>The same article also prohibits &#8220;the landing, transport, storage and commercialization of fresh, frozen, dried or salted shark fins&#8221;. This order is not enforced in Nicaragua. <\/p>\n\n<p>In practice, this legislation has encouraged the capture of the animal to take advantage of the whole body, although the real incentive is the fin.<\/p>\n\n<p>Shark meat, known on Nicaraguan beaches as &#8220;bolillo&#8221;, is in low demand. It is sold to middlemen at prices ranging between 20 and 35 c\u00f3rdobas per pound (whole) and up to 50 c\u00f3rdobas per fillet. In Managua markets, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inpesca.gob.ni\/images\/precios%20de%20mariscos\/2026\/SEMANA%20DEL%2016%20al%2022%20febrero%202026.pdf\">shark fillets are priced between 100 and 110 c\u00f3rdobas<\/a> per pound.  <\/p>\n\n<p><em>Miguel<\/em>, an artisanal fisherman from the community of Casares, in Carazo, comments that, in order to &#8220;facilitate sales&#8221;, the stores and businesses mix shark meat with other fish species, mainly for the preparation of ceviches.<\/p>\n\n<p>CITES data show that, between 2018 and 2024, there was only one export of shark meat. In 2022, 10 791 kg (10.7 tons) were sold to the United States. The meat was from the same species: the common thresher shark.  <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1014\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-scaled.png\" alt=\"Price of shark fins encourage slaughtering\" class=\"wp-image-185079\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-scaled.png 1014w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-148x300.png 148w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-507x1024.png 507w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-768x1552.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-760x1536.png 760w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Infografia_1_Precios-Carne-y-Aletas-1-480x970.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-pescadores-artesanales-es-negocio-de-industriales\">Artisanal fishermen: &#8220;It is the business of industrialists&#8221;.<\/h2>\n\n<p>Fishermen and experts agree that &#8220;artisanal fishing&#8221; is not responsible for the shark catch, as the government claims, because the landing and export volumes are above their capacity.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;Our fishing is aimed at snapper, grouper, mackerel, dorado, jack mackerel, mackerel, scorpionfish, tuna, among others, but if a shark falls, we take advantage of it because it is not prohibited,&#8221; says <em>Josu\u00e9<\/em>, a fisherman from Poneloya, in Le\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n<p>He argues that shark catching &#8220;is mostly carried out by vessels over 15 meters in length&#8221;, which fall into the category of industrial fishing.  <\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;They (industrial fishermen) use longlines, with multiple hooks, which extends into the deep sea for several kilometers and facilitates the capture of large sharks in the open sea,&#8221; he details.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;In artisanal fishing, more juvenile (sharks) are extracted, measuring between 60 and 110 centimeters long,&#8221; says the fisherman.<\/p>\n\n<p>Inpesca classifies as &#8220;artisanal or small-scale fishing&#8221; the fishing carried out by Nicaraguans &#8220;with vessels less than 15 meters in length and for commercial purposes, among which are: cayucos, pangas, canoes, boats, <em>pontoons<\/em> and duritara&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-819x1024.png\" alt=\"93% of shark landings in Nicaragua are attributed to artisanal fleet\" class=\"wp-image-185083\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-819x1024.png 819w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-768x960.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-1229x1536.png 1229w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-scaled.png 1638w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Grafico_Tiburones_-05-1-480x600.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>While &#8220;industrial fishing: is carried out for commercial purposes, using vessels of more than 15 meters in length, as well as larger fishing techniques and gear,&#8221; according to the government entity.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Wilson<\/em>, a Blufile\u00f1o who has been involved in shark finning, points out that the business &#8220;would not be sustained&#8221; by artisanal fishermen, since they catch a shark &#8220;occasionally&#8221;, while the &#8220;more industrialized&#8221; fishermen do it &#8220;commonly&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;An artisanal fisherman takes you six or seven fins, once or twice a month, and with that you make nothing. But an industrial fisherman can take several kilos and then you can do business,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-las-empresas-detras-de-las-exportaciones-de-aletas-de-tiburon\"><strong>The companies behind shark fin exports<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>Fishermen from Nicaragua\u2019s Caribbean and Pacific coasts refer to the buyers of shark fins simply as \u201cthe Chinese.\u201d They either do not know\u2014or chose not to disclose\u2014the names. According to their accounts, they sell the fins to a middleman, who then transports them to Managua, where \u201cthe Chinese\u201d take over. From there, the fins are exported to the Asian market.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Six shark fin export certificates from 2023 and 2024 identify two companies:<br\/><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nica Pepino S.A.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Man Kang S.A.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>The certificates, obtained by CONFIDENCIAL, document the export of 11,147.48 kg (about 11.14 tons) of shark fins from eight different species. All shipments were sent to the same destination: Hong Kong. The documents were authorized by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (Marena) and signed by Judith P\u00e9rez Puerto, listed as the \u201cadministrative authority.\u201d She is part of the ministry\u2019s Directorate General of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity.   <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-slider root-eb-slider-moycx\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-slider-moycx \"><div class=\"eb-slider-wrapper eb-slider-moycx\" data-blockid=\"eb-slider-moycx\" data-version=\"v4\" data-settings=\"eyJhcnJvd3MiOmZhbHNlLCJhZGFwdGl2ZUhlaWdodCI6dHJ1ZSwiYXV0b3BsYXkiOnRydWUsImF1dG9wbGF5U3BlZWQiOjMwMDAsImRvdHMiOnRydWUsImZhZGUiOmZhbHNlLCJpbmZpbml0ZSI6dHJ1ZSwicGF1c2VPbkhvdmVyIjp0cnVlLCJzbGlkZXNUb1Nob3ciOjEsInNwZWVkIjo1MDAsInZlcnRpY2FsIjpmYWxzZSwiY3VycmVudFNsaWRlIjowLCJydGwiOmZhbHNlLCJyZXNwb25zaXZlIjpbeyJicmVha3BvaW50IjoxMDI1LCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJzbGlkZXNUb1Nob3ciOjF9fSx7ImJyZWFrcG9pbnQiOjc2Nywic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsic2xpZGVzVG9TaG93IjoxfX1dfQ==\" data-arrownexticon=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\" data-arrowprevicon=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-left\" data-lightbox=\"false\"><div class=\"eb-slider-init eb-slider-type-image\"><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-06-12-2023.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-06-12-2023.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-14-12-2023.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-14-12-2023.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-01-03-2024.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-01-03-2024.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-24-05-2024.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-24-05-2024.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-05-07-2024.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-05-07-2024.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-02-09-2024.jpg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Certificado-del-02-09-2024.jpg\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p>Nica Pepino exported 8,117.48 kg, and Man Kang 3,030 kg, between December 2023 and March, May, July, and September 2024, according to the certificates.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>Nica Pepino is legally represented by Wei Qiang Chung Ye, and its headquarters are located in Managua\u2019s Bolonia neighborhood, 80 yards south of the old gate of the Military Hospital in Managua, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/es.scribd.com\/document\/919601628\/Base-de-Datos-de-Establecimientos-Bajo-Sistema-de-Inspeccion-Oficial-DIA-2025\">a database of the Agri-Food Safety Directorate (DIA)<\/a> of the Nicaraguan Institute of Agricultural Protection and Health (IPSA).<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cThe company is exclusively dedicated to the collection and commercialization of seafood, especially sea cucumbers. We are also marketing dried shrimp and fish maw (fish stomachs),\u201d said Carlos Manuel Wayman Castillo, partner of Nica Pepino, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tn8.ni\/nacionales\/primicia-inversion-millonaria-en-nicaragua-con-gran-edificio-para-el-comercio-de-mariscos\/\">in a March 2025 interview with the television channel TN8<\/a>, owned by the Ortega-Murillo family.<\/p>\n\n<p>On that occasion, Wayman Castillo revealed that the company was building a four-story building in Managua. The project represented an investment of about $8 million, with mixed capital: \u201cChinese, Panamanian, and Nicaraguan.\u201d <\/p>\n\n<p>Man Kang S.A. is legally represented by Am Ni Lin, and its headquarters are located in the Piedra Menuda area, in the municipality of Nindir\u00ed, Masaya. There is little publicly available information online about either the individual or the company.<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>According to the certificates, Nica Pepino\u2019s exports were sent to two importers: Yeung Yee Marine Ltd. (7,167.48 kg) and Cutle Logistic Company (950 kg). Man Kang shipped its shark fins (3,030 kg) to Wise Global Birdnest Company. All three importers are based in Hong Kong.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Arauz Vargas argues that the global shark fin trade is largely controlled by Taiwanese traders based in Hong Kong, who handle between 80% and 90% of the global market. \u201cIt\u2019s a trade strictly managed by Taiwanese operators who distribute from Hong Kong to China and other destinations,\u201d he says.  <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>CONFIDENCIAL<\/strong> sent emails to Man Kang and Nica Pepino, as well as to Marena and Inpesca, requesting interviews and information about shark catches and fin exports. The emails were sent on March 3, 2026, but no responses had been received at the time of publication. <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1050\" height=\"831\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-185004\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica.jpg 1050w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica-1024x810.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica-768x608.jpg 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Denuncia-en-Fiscalia-de-Costa-Rica-480x380.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1050px) 100vw, 1050px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Screenshot of the complaint filed with the Costa Rican Environmental Prosecutor&#8217;s Office, mentioning exports of dried shark fins from Nicaragua. | Photo: Confidencial <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-la-denuncia-en-costa-rica\">The complaint in Costa Rica<\/h2>\n\n<p>The data about these companies and Nicaragua\u2019s exports is not known because of transparency from the Ortega-Murillo regime. Instead, it appears in a complaint filed with Costa Rica\u2019s Environmental Prosecutor\u2019s Office. In May 2025, biologist Arauz Vargas and lawyer Walter Brenes Soto requested an investigation into an alleged illegal operation in Costa Rica: the \u201claundering\u201d of shark fins. <\/p>\n\n<p>The case focuses on the \u201cillegal export of wildlife,\u201d specifically hammerhead shark fins, through re-export operations conducted via Costa Rican ports.<\/p>\n\n<p>According to the document, between September 26, 2023, and September 13, 2024, seven transactions were identified involving a total of 12,590.48 kilograms of dried fins, with a declared value of US$164,268.40. <\/p>\n\n<p>Nicaragua plays a key role in the investigation, as all recorded operations list it as the origin of the shark fins.<\/p>\n\n<p>The central inconsistency lies in the discrepancy between the quantities authorized by Nicaraguan authorities and what was actually exported from Costa Rica.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>Based on CITES export permits issued by Marena, Nicaragua only authorized the export of 1,833 kilograms of hammerhead shark fins. However, Costa Rican customs records show that more than 12,500 kilograms of hammerhead fins were exported to Hong Kong under the specific tariff classification for this species.<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>This surplus of 10,757.48 kilograms lacks supporting documentation and, according to scientific estimates cited in the complaint, is equivalent to fins from at least 12,000 hammerhead sharks. <\/p>\n\n<p>The complaint states that this situation \u201cpoints to a possible illegal and large-scale trade\u201d involving a critically endangered species.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-185107\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1-1024x207.png 1024w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1-768x155.png 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1-1536x310.png 1536w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Separadores-1-1-480x97.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>The complaint further argues that these exports violate ruling 912-2023 of the First Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice, which mandated the protection of hammerhead sharks under Costa Rica\u2019s Wildlife Conservation Law. It also questions the authority of the Costa Rican Fisheries and Aquaculture Institute (Incopesca) to authorize these procedures, arguing that only the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) has the legal power to issue CITES permits.<br\/> <\/p>\n\n<p>The complainants have requested the identification of individuals and companies responsible for these re-exports, as well as the opening of criminal proceedings to establish accountability. The case remains unresolved. <\/p>\n\n<p>In an interview with <strong>CONFIDENCIAL<\/strong>, Arauz Vargas stated: \u201cThey take advantage of these re-exports to launder fins caught in Costa Rica. It is a crime because they are falsifying information and opening containers that should be sealed.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-slider alignfull root-eb-slider-qh7w7\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-slider-qh7w7 \"><div class=\"eb-slider-wrapper eb-slider-qh7w7\" data-blockid=\"eb-slider-qh7w7\" data-version=\"v4\" data-settings=\"eyJhcnJvd3MiOmZhbHNlLCJhZGFwdGl2ZUhlaWdodCI6dHJ1ZSwiYXV0b3BsYXkiOmZhbHNlLCJhdXRvcGxheVNwZWVkIjozMDAwLCJkb3RzIjpmYWxzZSwiZmFkZSI6ZmFsc2UsImluZmluaXRlIjp0cnVlLCJwYXVzZU9uSG92ZXIiOnRydWUsInNsaWRlc1RvU2hvdyI6Mywic3BlZWQiOjUwMCwidmVydGljYWwiOmZhbHNlLCJjdXJyZW50U2xpZGUiOjAsInJ0bCI6ZmFsc2UsInJlc3BvbnNpdmUiOlt7ImJyZWFrcG9pbnQiOjEwMjUsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7InNsaWRlc1RvU2hvdyI6M319LHsiYnJlYWtwb2ludCI6NzY3LCJzZXR0aW5ncyI6eyJzbGlkZXNUb1Nob3ciOjN9fV19\" data-arrownexticon=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-right\" data-arrowprevicon=\"fas fa-arrow-alt-circle-left\" data-lightbox=\"false\"><div class=\"eb-slider-init eb-slider-type-image\"><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-1.jpeg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-1.jpeg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-2.jpeg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-2.jpeg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"eb-slider-item content-1\" data-src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-3.jpeg\"><div><img class=\"eb-slider-image\" data-lazy=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ruta-de-las-aletas-de-tuburon-de-Nicaragua-a-Asia-3.jpeg\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-el-impacto-de-la-captura-de-tiburones\">The impact of shark catches<\/h2>\n\n<p>The situation in Nicaragua and the complaint in Costa Rica show that shark finning is a regional issue. Latin America has become a key region in the global supply of shark fins, largely driven by demand from Asian markets. Peru and Ecuador are among the countries with the highest volumes of catches and exports.<br\/>  <\/p>\n\n<p>Peru is identified as the main shark fin trader in Latin America. Between 2019 and 2024, it exported 1.7 million kilograms (about 1,736.45 tons) to Asian markets, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/ojo-publico.com\/5627\/trafico-aletas-tiburon-investigan-produce-y-exportaciones\">data from the media outlet <em>Ojo P\u00fablico<\/em>.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n<p>Additionally, Peru serves as a transit hub, where fins enter from Ecuador and are then re-exported to Asia, <a href=\"https:\/\/cooperaccion.org.pe\/opinion\/la-pesca-ilegal-y-el-trafico-de-aletas-de-tiburon-en-el-peru\/\">according to international organizations and media reports.<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Shark fishing is not only a loss of biodiversity\u2014it also threatens ocean stability and human economies. Fabio Buitrago explains that removing top predators triggers what ecologists call a \u201ctrophic cascade.\u201d<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cThere is an interconnection among organisms within the same ecosystem, driven by predator-prey relationships. Sharks sit at the top of that food web,\u201d he explains.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>The Nicaraguan ecologist outlines the consequences of shark slaughter as follows:<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ecological consequences:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Uncontrolled populations: <\/strong>When sharks disappear, their prey (mid-level predators) increase uncontrollably. These species then overconsume organisms lower in the food chain, destabilizing the entire system. \u201cIt\u2019s like a pendulum swinging back and forth.\u201d  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disease control:<\/strong> Sharks eliminate weak, old, or sick animals. Without them, infections and parasites spread more easily among commercial fish populations\u2014especially as warming oceans accelerate disease transmission.<br\/>  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Social consequences<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Artisanal fishing<\/strong>: Ecosystem imbalance leads to unpredictable fish stocks. Fishermen experience extreme fluctuations\u2014periods of abundance followed by scarcity. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Food security: <\/strong>Coastal communities depend on stable marine ecosystems. A shark-depleted ocean becomes less productive and less resilient over time. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tourism<\/strong>: In countries like Costa Rica, sharks are a valuable tourism asset. A decline in species diversity makes ecosystems less attractive. \u201cTourists won\u2019t pay to visit places where they won\u2019t see large or diverse wildlife,\u201d Buitrago warns.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"973\" height=\"1600\" src=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas.jpeg\" alt=\"Most exported shark fins\" class=\"wp-image-185101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas.jpeg 973w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas-182x300.jpeg 182w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas-623x1024.jpeg 623w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas-768x1263.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas-934x1536.jpeg 934w, https:\/\/confidencial.digital\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Las-aletas-de-tiburon-mas-exportadas-480x789.jpeg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 973px) 100vw, 973px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-inpesca-el-lobo-cuidando-las-ovejas\">Inpesca: \u201cThe wolf guarding the sheep\u201d<br\/><br\/><\/h2>\n\n<p>Species protected under CITES are classified into three Appendices, depending on the level of protection they require. All shark species caught in Nicaragua are listed under Appendix II, which includes \u201cspecies that are not necessarily threatened with extinction, but whose trade must be controlled to avoid uses incompatible with their survival,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/cites.org\/esp\/app\/appendices.php\">according to the Convention\u2019s website.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n<p>Appendix I includes all species threatened with extinction, whose trade is permitted only under exceptional circumstances. Appendix III covers \u201cspecies that are protected in at least one country, which has requested the assistance of other CITES Parties to control their trade.\u201d <\/p>\n\n<p>Although CITES has restricted international trade in certain shark species, there are no effective legal or criminal penalties for those who ignore these rules and continue shark fishing.<\/p>\n\n<p>The Nicaraguan ecologist explains that \u201cthe administrative authority for CITES in Nicaragua is Marena, which has the legal responsibility to approve permits related to species regulated under the Convention.\u201d<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p>However, in Nicaragua, \u201cthey find ways to ensure that Marena does not obstruct the development of the fishing sector\u2014which, for those in Inpesca, means not putting on the brakes, or not regulating or limiting the exploitation of resources that are already under threat.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>Inpesca\u2019s role is identified as the main obstacle to shark conservation. According to Buitrago, there is a structural conflict of interest: \u201cYou can\u2019t put the wolf in charge of the sheep. An institution tasked with maximizing fishing resources cannot also be responsible for conserving a resource that generates significant revenue.\u201d <\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<p>Inpesca has a dual role that compromises sustainability:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Conducts studies and quantifies the resource.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It decides how much can be tapped and issues licenses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It charges for such licenses and for landings received.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>\u201cIt is both judge and party, because they decide what, how, when, and how much you\u2019re going to pay,\u201d the ecologist says.<\/p>\n\n<p>Additionally, Nicaragua is failing to comply with international CITES regulations by not producing a Non-Detriment Finding (NDF). This document, which should be prepared by an independent scientific authority, is essential to ensure that extraction is sustainable. \u201cUnder the Convention\u2019s rules, without such a finding, exports should not be allowed. Nicaragua would be violating international regulations,\u201d says Arauz.<br\/>  <\/p>\n\n<p>Experts argue that sharks should no longer be treated as \u201ccommercial species,\u201d but as wildlife. In Nicaragua, all natural resources with market value\u2014such as mining, timber, and fisheries\u2014have been removed from Marena\u2019s jurisdiction and handed over to institutions focused on exploitation, including Inpesca, the Ministry of Energy and Mines, and the National Forestry Institute (Inafor). Marena is left managing only biodiversity that does not generate immediate revenue.  <\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cThere should be a complete separation between conservation and exploitation interests,\u201d Buitrago proposes. He suggests creating an entity dedicated exclusively to marine resources, with no economic ties to exploitation\u2014similar to a \u201cMinistry of the Sea.\u201d <\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cInpesca has no real interest in conserving marine natural resources, because its primary function is exploitation,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n\n<p>Environmentalists warn that as long as regulation remains in the hands of those who profit from shark fin exports, \u201cbycatch\u201d will continue to serve as the legal label for the killing of sharks off Nicaragua\u2019s coast.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cWe buy shark fins,\u201d reads a sign painted on the gable of a house on a busy street in Bluefields, on Nicaragua\u2019s Southern Caribbean coast. It is an exception. Fishing businesses along Nicaragua\u2019s Pacific coast have no signs, but everyone knows who buys shark fins. Along both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts, what is officially [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1492,"featured_media":184892,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-entradas-especiales.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","_eb_data_table":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15445],"tags":[15462],"class_list":["post-185178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english","tag-clipmate"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nicaragua disguises shark slaughter as &quot;incidental fishing&quot;.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Investigation reveals how Nicaragua exports almost 40,000 kg of shark fins, although the government claims it is &quot;incidental fishing&quot;.\" \/>\n<meta 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